如何在CentOS7中安裝配置KVM虛擬化軟件？針對這個問題，今天小編總結(jié)了這篇文章，希望能幫助更多想解決這個問題的朋友找到更加簡單易行的辦法。

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CentOS7.6虛擬化軟件：
KVM是基于內(nèi)核的虛擬機（Kernel-based Virtual Machine）。
QEMU軟件（qemu-kvm）能夠創(chuàng)建和管理 KVM 虛擬機。
Libvirt是一套提供了多種語言接口的API，為各種虛擬化工具提供一套方便、可靠的編程接口，不僅支持 KVM，而且支持 Xen 等其它虛擬機。
Virsh是一套基于文本的管理虛擬機的命令。
Virt-manager是一套用 python 編寫的虛擬機管理圖形界面。

試驗機器：
CPU支持Intel VT
內(nèi)存8GB以上
硬盤200GB以上

1.安裝CentOS7.6組件

在安裝操作系統(tǒng)時，選擇Virtualization Host軟件中的Virtualization Platform、Compatibilty Libraries、Development Tools、System Administration Tools；
選擇GNOME Desktop軟件中的GNOME Applications。

2.檢查cpu的vmx支持

[root@C76 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep vmx
flags      : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm epb ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase smep erms xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d
...

3.檢查bridge網(wǎng)絡(luò)

參考其它文檔，建立網(wǎng)橋virbr1

[root@C76 ~]# ifconfig
virbr1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
inet 192.168.68.121  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.68.255
inet6 fe80::1c7d:6fff:fe72:9884  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
ether e0:97:96:1b:6a:ca  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
TX packets 111  bytes 5259 (5.1 KiB)
TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

vlan68: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
ether e0:97:96:1b:6a:ca  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
TX packets 5298  bytes 274446 (268.0 KiB)
TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

4.檢查開發(fā)包

[root@C76 ~]# rpm -qa | grep -E "lrzsz|gcc|vim"
vim-common-7.4.160-5.el7.x86_64
vim-minimal-7.4.160-5.el7.x86_64

• gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
  vim-filesystem-7.4.160-5.el7.x86_64
  libgcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
• lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64
  vim-enhanced-7.4.160-5.el7.x86_64
  gcc-gfortran-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
• gcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
  [root@C76 ~]#

5.關(guān)閉防火墻及selinux

systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0

6.安裝yum包

映射iso安裝盤
[root@C76 ~]# mount -t iso9660 -o loop /root/CentOS-7.6-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso /media/Centos76/

發(fā)現(xiàn)已安裝：qemu-kvm qemu-img bridge-utils
已安裝網(wǎng)絡(luò)啟動pxe包 gpxe-roms-qemu,

繼續(xù)安裝其它yum包，滿足虛機基本功能
[root@C76 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install qemu-kvm-tools virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-viewer virt-install
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libvirt.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc = 4.5.0-10.el7 for package:

libvirt-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter = 4.5.0-10.el7 for package:

libvirt-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64
---> Package libvirt-client.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libvirt-bash-completion = 4.5.0-10.el7 for package:

libvirt-client-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: gnutls-utils for package: libvirt-client-4.5.0-

10.el7.x86_64
---> Package libvirt-python.x86_64 0:4.5.0-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package qemu-kvm-tools.x86_64 10:1.5.3-160.el7 will be installed
---> Package virt-install.noarch 0:1.5.0-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: virt-manager-common = 1.5.0-1.el7 for package: virt-

install-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch
---> Package virt-manager.noarch 0:1.5.0-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package virt-viewer.x86_64 0:5.0-11.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gnutls-utils.x86_64 0:3.3.29-8.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: gnutls-dane(x86-64) = 3.3.29-8.el7 for package: gnutls-

utils-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgnutls-dane.so.0(DANE_0_0)(64bit) for package: gnutls-

utils-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgnutls-dane.so.0()(64bit) for package: gnutls-utils-

3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64
---> Package libvirt-bash-completion.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7 will be installed
---> Package libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7 will be installed
---> Package libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7 will be installed
---> Package virt-manager-common.noarch 0:1.5.0-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-ipaddr for package: virt-manager-common-1.5.0-

1.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gnutls-dane.x86_64 0:3.3.29-8.el7 will be installed
---> Package python-ipaddr.noarch 0:2.1.11-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================================

=================
Package                 Arch      Version          
Repository     Size

======================================================================================

=================
Installing:
libvirt                 x86_64     4.5.0-10.el7       c7-

media     181 k
libvirt-client             x86_64     4.5.0-10.el7       c7-

media     477 k
libvirt-python             x86_64     4.5.0-1.el7        c7-

media     343 k
qemu-kvm-tools             x86_64     10:1.5.3-160.el7     c7-

media     230 k
virt-install              noarch     1.5.0-1.el7        c7-

media      94 k
virt-manager              noarch     1.5.0-1.el7        c7-

media     657 k
virt-viewer               x86_64     5.0-11.el7        c7-

media     392 k
Installing for dependencies:
gnutls-dane               x86_64     3.3.29-8.el7       c7-

media      36 k
gnutls-utils              x86_64     3.3.29-8.el7       c7-

media     238 k
libvirt-bash-completion         x86_64     4.5.0-10.el7       c7-

media     181 k
libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter     x86_64     4.5.0-10.el7       c7-

media     188 k
libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc        x86_64     4.5.0-10.el7       c7-

media     313 k
python-ipaddr              noarch     2.1.11-1.el7       c7-

media      35 k
virt-manager-common           noarch     1.5.0-1.el7        c7-media     1.2 M
Transaction Summary

======================================================================================

=================
Install  7 Packages (+7 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 4.5 M
Installed size: 15 M
Downloading packages:

---

---

Total                                  123 MB/s | 4.5

MB  00:00:00   
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : libvirt-bash-completion-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    1/14

Installing : libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    2/14

Installing : libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64

    3/14

Installing : libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    4/14

Installing : gnutls-dane-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64

    5/14

Installing : gnutls-utils-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64

    6/14

Installing : libvirt-client-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    7/14

Installing : python-ipaddr-2.1.11-1.el7.noarch

    8/14

Installing : virt-manager-common-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch

    9/14

Installing : virt-install-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch

    10/14

Installing : virt-manager-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch

    11/14

Installing : libvirt-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    12/14

Installing : virt-viewer-5.0-11.el7.x86_64

    13/14

Installing : 10:qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-160.el7.x86_64

    14/14

Verifying  : 10:qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-160.el7.x86_64

    1/14

Verifying  : python-ipaddr-2.1.11-1.el7.noarch

    2/14

Verifying  : gnutls-dane-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64

    3/14

Verifying  : libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    4/14

Verifying  : libvirt-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    5/14

Verifying  : libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64

    6/14

Verifying  : virt-install-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch

    7/14

Verifying  : virt-viewer-5.0-11.el7.x86_64

    8/14

Verifying  : libvirt-client-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    9/14

Verifying  : libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    10/14

Verifying  : virt-manager-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch

    11/14

Verifying  : virt-manager-common-1.5.0-1.el7.noarch

    12/14

Verifying  : libvirt-bash-completion-4.5.0-10.el7.x86_64

    13/14

Verifying  : gnutls-utils-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64

    14/14

Installed:
libvirt.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7           libvirt-client.x86_64 0:4.5.0-

10.el7        
libvirt-python.x86_64 0:4.5.0-1.el7        qemu-kvm-tools.x86_64 10:1.5.3-

160.el7       
virt-install.noarch 0:1.5.0-1.el7         virt-manager.noarch 0:1.5.0-1.el7

virt-viewer.x86_64 0:5.0-11.el7

Dependency Installed:
gnutls-dane.x86_64 0:3.3.29-8.el7        gnutls-utils.x86_64 0:3.3.29-8.el7

libvirt-bash-completion.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7  libvirt-daemon-config-

nwfilter.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7
libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc.x86_64 0:4.5.0-10.el7 python-ipaddr.noarch 0:2.1.11-1.el7

virt-manager-common.noarch 0:1.5.0-1.el7

Complete!
[root@C76 yum.repos.d]#

//
[root@C76 ~]# yum list | grep -E "kvm|qemu|virt|bridge" | grep -v daemon
bridge-utils.x86_64           1.5-9.el7            @anaconda
ipxe-roms-qemu.noarch          20170123-1.git4e85b27.el7_4.1  @anaconda
libgovirt.x86_64             0.3.4-1.el7           @anaconda
libvirt.x86_64              4.5.0-10.el7          @c7-media
libvirt-bash-completion.x86_64      4.5.0-10.el7          @c7-media
libvirt-client.x86_64          4.5.0-10.el7          @c7-media
libvirt-gconfig.x86_64          1.0.0-1.el7           @anaconda
libvirt-glib.x86_64           1.0.0-1.el7           @anaconda
libvirt-gobject.x86_64          1.0.0-1.el7           @anaconda
libvirt-libs.x86_64           4.5.0-10.el7          @anaconda
libvirt-python.x86_64          4.5.0-1.el7           @c7-media
qemu-guest-agent.x86_64         10:2.12.0-2.el7         @anaconda
qemu-img.x86_64             10:1.5.3-160.el7        @anaconda
qemu-kvm.x86_64             10:1.5.3-160.el7        @anaconda
qemu-kvm-common.x86_64          10:1.5.3-160.el7        @anaconda
qemu-kvm-tools.x86_64          10:1.5.3-160.el7        @c7-media
virt-install.noarch           1.5.0-1.el7           @c7-media
virt-manager.noarch           1.5.0-1.el7           @c7-media
virt-manager-common.noarch        1.5.0-1.el7           @c7-media
virt-viewer.x86_64            5.0-11.el7           @c7-media
virt-what.x86_64             1.18-4.el7           @anaconda
cockpit-bridge.x86_64          173-7.el7.centos        c7-media
fence-virt.x86_64            0.3.2-13.el7          c7-media
fence-virtd.x86_64            0.3.2-13.el7          c7-media
fence-virtd-libvirt.x86_64        0.3.2-13.el7          c7-media
fence-virtd-multicast.x86_64       0.3.2-13.el7          c7-media
fence-virtd-serial.x86_64        0.3.2-13.el7          c7-media
libvirt-cim.x86_64            0.6.3-19.el7          c7-media
libvirt-devel.x86_64           4.5.0-10.el7          c7-media
libvirt-docs.x86_64           4.5.0-10.el7          c7-media
libvirt-java.noarch           0.4.9-4.el7           c7-media
libvirt-java-devel.noarch        0.4.9-4.el7           c7-media
libvirt-snmp.x86_64           0.0.3-5.el7           c7-media
pcp-pmda-kvm.x86_64           4.1.0-4.el7           c7-media
python-virtualenv.noarch         15.1.0-2.el7          c7-media
redland-virtuoso.x86_64         1.0.16-6.el7          c7-media
virt-top.x86_64             1.0.8-24.el7          c7-media
virt-who.noarch             0.22.5-1.el7          c7-media
virtuoso-opensource.x86_64        1:6.1.6-6.el7          c7-media
[root@C76 ~]#

7.設(shè)置自動啟動

[root@C76 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd
[root@C76 ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd

[root@C76 ~]# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel       183621  0
kvm          586948  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass        13503  1 kvm
[root@C76 ~]#

建立vm-data目錄
[root@C76 ~]# mkdir -p /vm-data/iso
[root@C76 ~]# mkdir -p /vm-data/vm-image

8.安裝虛機監(jiān)控工具

[root@C76 iso]# yum -y install virt-top virt-who

[root@C76 iso]# virt-
virt-clone      virt-manager     virt-viewer     virt-who-password  
virt-host-validate  virt-pki-validate  virt-what      virt-xml       
virt-install     virt-top       virt-who       virt-xml-validate  
[root@C76 iso]# virt-

[root@C76 images]# virsh version
Compiled against library: libvirt 4.5.0
Using library: libvirt 4.5.0
Using API: QEMU 4.5.0
Running hypervisor: QEMU 1.5.3

[root@C76 images]#

9.安裝虛機磁盤鏡像工具集和電源管理接口

[root@C76 images]# yum -y install acpid
[root@C76 images]# yum -y install libguestfs-tools

[root@C76 images]# yum list | grep libguest
libguestfs.x86_64            1:1.38.2-12.el7         @c7-media
libguestfs-tools.noarch         1:1.38.2-12.el7         @c7-media
libguestfs-tools-c.x86_64        1:1.38.2-12.el7         @c7-media
libguestfs-inspect-icons.noarch     1:1.38.2-12.el7         c7-media
libguestfs-java.x86_64          1:1.38.2-12.el7         c7-media
[root@C76 images]#

// virt- 命令從12個增加到38個
[root@C76 images]# virt-
virt-alignment-scan    virt-edit         virt-make-fs       virt-top
virt-builder       virt-filesystems     virt-manager       virt-viewer
virt-builder-repository  virt-format        virt-pki-validate     virt-what
virt-cat         virt-get-kernel      virt-rescue        virt-who
virt-clone        virt-host-validate    virt-resize        virt-who-password
virt-copy-in       virt-index-validate    virt-sparsify       virt-win-reg
virt-copy-out       virt-inspector      virt-sysprep       virt-xml
virt-customize      virt-install       virt-tail         virt-xml-validate
virt-df          virt-log         virt-tar-in        
virt-diff         virt-ls          virt-tar-out       
[root@C76 images]#

看完這篇文章，你們學(xué)會在CentOS7中安裝配置KVM虛擬化軟件的方法了嗎？如果還想學(xué)到更多技能或想了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容，歡迎關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀。

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網(wǎng)頁標題：如何在CentOS7中安裝配置KVM虛擬化軟件-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
文章來源：http://www.rwnh.cn/article24/cepece.html

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