網(wǎng)站制作內(nèi)容的推送、尋找、分類、篩選的方式有以下四種形式分類，或多或少的，同時(shí)并存。
Website content push, search, classification, screening way has four kinds of classification, more or less, at the same time.
一、用戶自選(Users customize)
這一種方式用戶具有大的主動(dòng)權(quán)，網(wǎng)站通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)清晰的分類導(dǎo)航和站內(nèi)搜索系統(tǒng)，讓用戶通過(guò)自己的意愿，在網(wǎng)站上尋找到他需要的內(nèi)容信息。
This way the user has the initiative the biggest, site classification through navigation and search system design is clear, let users through their wishes, to find he needs information on the website.
優(yōu)點(diǎn)：條理清晰，簡(jiǎn)便有效。
缺點(diǎn)：是否能找到精確的信息，一方面取決于用戶對(duì)信息的歸類方式和搜索關(guān)鍵詞的組織，一方面取決于網(wǎng)站對(duì)信息的歸類和關(guān)鍵詞的組織。如果兩方對(duì)同一內(nèi)容的需求和理解不一致，，一個(gè)信息內(nèi)容，網(wǎng)站歸如A類別，用戶認(rèn)為B類別可以找到，那么一定是無(wú)功而返。那么這個(gè)信息應(yīng)該打A,B兩個(gè)Tag，歸入兩個(gè)類別。搜索也是同樣的緣故，要在搜索的索引中將可能被用戶查詢的信息都提供完全。最后，大量的分類和冗雜的搜索信息積累下去，反而又從精確變成了模糊。于是人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，各大搜索引擎上的關(guān)鍵詞越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。
Advantages: clear, simple and effective.
Weaknesses: if you can find the exact information, on the one hand depends on the user of the information classification and search keywords organization, on the one hand depends on the website for information classification and keyword organization. If the two party needs and understanding of the same content, inconsistent, an information content, such as web site to A category, B category of users that can be found, then it must be failed. This information should be playing A, B two Tag, fall into two categories. Search is the same reason, in the search index may be a user query information provided is complete. Finally, classification and miscellaneous large search information accumulation, but also from the exact into fuzzy. So people found, each big search engine keyword more long.
總結(jié)：作為最基礎(chǔ)的方式，沒有網(wǎng)站不會(huì)提供這個(gè)功能，至少都有對(duì)信息的分類導(dǎo)航。
Summary: as the most basic way, no site does not provide this function, at least the classification of information.
二、審核匹配(Audit matching)
審核是指對(duì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行審核篩選，諸如通過(guò)評(píng)分體系，瀏覽量，點(diǎn)擊率，時(shí)間和等等其他一些因素，給與大量同類信息進(jìn)行排序和權(quán)重區(qū)分，來(lái)判斷這個(gè)內(nèi)容對(duì)用戶的需要程度高低，在分類列表或者搜索結(jié)果里，將最可能的用戶需求信息最先或者最明顯陳列給用戶。
Audit refers to the audit selection of content, such as by scoring system, the quantity that browse, click rate, time and so on some other factors, sort and weight to a large number of similar information to distinguish, to judge the content of the needs of the user level, in the category list or search results, user demand information will most likely the first or the most obvious display to the user.
優(yōu)點(diǎn)：為第一種方式做補(bǔ)充，通過(guò)規(guī)則對(duì)信息進(jìn)行排序和過(guò)濾，降低大多數(shù)用戶的搜尋成本。
缺點(diǎn)：這是一種少數(shù)服從多數(shù)的匹配方式，即默認(rèn)需要信息的用戶是“大多數(shù)用戶”，忽視和無(wú)視“少數(shù)用戶”的需求。而評(píng)分體系也有體系的問(wèn)題，讓用戶進(jìn)行評(píng)分，并不會(huì)產(chǎn)生理想化分?jǐn)?shù)，專業(yè)評(píng)分又缺乏性。關(guān)于商品分?jǐn)?shù)的問(wèn)題，我在另外一篇文章里做過(guò)討論——現(xiàn)有商品的評(píng)分體系不好另外，YouTube也得出了結(jié)論說(shuō)，評(píng)分的分布并非理想化的。
Advantages: as a supplement for the first way, through the rules for sorting and filtering of information, reduce the most users search cost.
Disadvantages: it is a way of matching the minority is subordinate to the majority, which is the default need information of the user is " most users, " and not " a small number of users " demand. The scoring system also has the problem of the system, allowing users to score, and produce ideal will not score, score and the lack of professional. About the commodity the score, I in another article discussed -- existing goods scoring system is not perfect in addition, YouTube also draws the conclusion that, the distribution is not ideal score.
總結(jié)：在這個(gè)匹配體系里，大需求被大滿足，最小需求被無(wú)視，從損益綜合來(lái)講是最優(yōu)解，但是當(dāng)這個(gè)社會(huì)的個(gè)性化需求越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)候，長(zhǎng)尾上的用戶需求就沒有明顯的順序了，完全是一小撮用戶有一小撮不同的需求，而且他們加起來(lái)就是一個(gè)不可忽視的長(zhǎng)尾，怎么給他們推送內(nèi)容信息呢。
Summary: in this matching system, the maximum demand is the biggest meet the minimum requirements, be ignored, from the income in general is the optimal solution, but when the personalized needs of more and more intense, the long tail of the user needs no obvious sequence, is entirely a handful of users have a handful of different needs, and they add up to is a can not ignore the long tail, how to give them a push content information.
三、個(gè)性化匹配(Personalized matching)
通過(guò)多維度的了解用戶的偏好，對(duì)用戶的信息需求進(jìn)行匹配。喜歡喝果汁的人通過(guò)“蘋果”這個(gè)詞首先查看的是“蘋果汁”相關(guān)信息，而一個(gè)“果粉”通過(guò)“蘋果”這個(gè)詞首先找到“蘋果電腦”。怎樣去定義一個(gè)用戶個(gè)性維度，一般有兩種方式。
Through the multi-dimensional understanding of user preferences, to match the user's information needs. Like to drink juice of the people through the " apple " this word the first view is the " apple juice " related information, and a " powder " through the " apple " the word first find the " apple computer ". How to define a user personality dimensions, there are two general ways.
一種叫做“物以類聚”：
One kind is called " like attracts like ":
是通過(guò)它喜歡的內(nèi)容來(lái)預(yù)估。豆瓣在個(gè)性化匹配上做的很不錯(cuò)，它能給用戶推非常精準(zhǔn)的書籍，電影等等。所以豆瓣需要先了解你喜歡的是什么類型的內(nèi)容，你需要不斷的積累你喜歡的內(nèi)容，它就越精準(zhǔn)的將相似的內(nèi)容給你。
It is predicted by the content of love. The bean in the personalized match do very well, it can give users very accurate books, movies and so on. So the watercress need to understand your love is what type of content, you need to continue to accumulate what you like, it is more accurate to similar content to you.
另外一種是“人以群分”：
Another is the " birds of a feather flock together ":
通過(guò)你的交際圈來(lái)預(yù)估。信息的傳統(tǒng)流轉(zhuǎn)途徑就是通過(guò)“群分”的人來(lái)進(jìn)行的，信息共享首先是在圈子和圈子內(nèi)，興趣相同的人之間傳播，所以這是一個(gè)樸素的方法，通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)提高了傳播效率。豆瓣也會(huì)告知用戶他的好友在關(guān)注的東西和搜集的信息，最典型的還是類似開心網(wǎng)這樣以人際關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ)的SNS網(wǎng)站。你的朋友們顯然比計(jì)算機(jī)算法更了解你，他們主動(dòng)推薦給你，或者他們自己喜歡的信息，相信你也會(huì)感興趣。
Predicted by your social circle. The traditional circulation way of information is through the "groups " people for, information sharing is the first in the circle and circle, the spread between people of the same interest, so this method is a simple, through the Internet communication technology improves the efficiency of. Bean also informs the user about his friends in things and collect information of concern, the most typical is similar to happy net that based on interpersonal relationships of SNS website. Your friends than the computer algorithm to learn more about you, they take the initiative to recommend to you, or they like information, I believe you will be interested in.
優(yōu)點(diǎn)：更精準(zhǔn)的匹配，也更加有效
缺點(diǎn)：馬太效應(yīng)（Matthew Effect），好的愈好，壞的愈壞，多的愈多，少的愈少。舉一個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明，我在Google Reader訂閱了大量的UED相關(guān)的blog，結(jié)果它就自動(dòng)推薦UED相關(guān)的blog給我，但是我已經(jīng)訂閱夠了，我倒是很想看一些寫八卦小文的訂閱源，但是很難找到。我也不能通過(guò)”寫八卦小文的訂閱源“這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞找到合適的Blog。
Advantages: matching more accurate, more effective
Disadvantages: Matthew effect ( Matthew Effect ), good better, bad worse, much more, less and less. As an example, in my Google Reader subscribe to a lot of UED related to blog, it will automatically recommend UED blog to me, but I already have a subscription is enough, I'd like to see some writing a gossip message feeds, but it's hard to find. I can't write by " gossip Xiaowen feeds " the keywords to find the right Blog.
總結(jié)：最精準(zhǔn)，但是最容易走偏鋒。
Summary: the most accurate, but the easiest Zoupian front.
四、無(wú)差別推送(No difference push)
所謂無(wú)差別就是，管你是誰(shuí)，都給你們傳遞一樣的信息。
There is no difference is, whoever you are, you have to pass the same information.
優(yōu)點(diǎn)：省事，直接，干脆
缺點(diǎn)：容易被用戶厭惡
總結(jié)：也有效果
Advantages: simple, direct, simply
Disadvantages: easy to be sick
Conclusion: there are effects
大體上，我總結(jié)出來(lái)的就這四種方式，各有優(yōu)劣，至于如何運(yùn)用，在不同的情景則有不同的具體方式，這個(gè)多一些，那個(gè)多一些。
On the whole, I summed up the four kinds of style, have their pros and cons, as for how to use, in different scenarios are detailed in different ways, the more, the more.
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