1. 美國(guó)站群服務(wù)器中匿名用戶(hù)的ftp服務(wù)
確認(rèn)已經(jīng)安裝vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install vsftpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-25.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================
Installing:
vsftpd x86_64 3.0.2-25.el7 vase 171 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 171 k
Installed size: 353 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : vsftpd-3.0.2-25.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : vsftpd-3.0.2-25.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-25.el7
Complete!
美國(guó)站群服務(wù)器中修改配置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
12 anonymous_enable=YES #是否允許匿名用戶(hù)訪問(wèn)ftp
29 anon_upload_enable=YES #取消注釋 表示匿名用戶(hù)可以上傳文件
33 anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES#取消注釋 表示匿名用戶(hù)可以創(chuàng)建目錄
創(chuàng)建目錄 用戶(hù)驗(yàn)證(匿名用戶(hù)在ftp服務(wù)的根目錄是/var/ftp/ 也就是說(shuō) 匿名用戶(hù)登陸ftp服務(wù)之后 如果執(zhí)行cd / 那么它其實(shí)是切換到了ftp服務(wù)器的/var/ftp目錄)
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/ftp/one
[root@localhost ~]# touch /var/ftp/one/a.txt
啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd
處理防火墻和selinux
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
客戶(hù)端驗(yàn)證
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep ftp
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ftp
[root@localhost ~]# ftp 192.168.20.132
Connected to 192.168.20.132 (192.168.20.132).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Name (192.168.20.132:root): ftp #匿名用戶(hù)登陸 此處寫(xiě)ftp
331 Please specify the password.
Password: #不輸入密碼 直接回車(chē)
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,20,132,254,180).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 19 May 07 07:51 one
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 6 Oct 30 2018 pub
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> ls / #此處可以驗(yàn)證前邊的說(shuō)法 匿名用戶(hù)的根目錄就是/var/ftp
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,20,132,238,71).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 19 May 07 07:51 one
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 6 Oct 30 2018 pub
226 Directory send OK.
驗(yàn)證匿名用戶(hù)是否有創(chuàng)建目錄的權(quán)限
ftp> mkdir /one/two
550 Create directory operation failed. #創(chuàng)建目錄失敗
解決辦法如下
原因: 服務(wù)器端/var/ftp目錄的屬主不是ftp用戶(hù) 需要改過(guò)來(lái)
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 adm
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 Mar 14 15:49 cache
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 8 2019 crash
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 34 Mar 14 15:49 db
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Mar 14 15:48 empty
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 28 May 7 15:51 ftp
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R ftp /var/ftp/one
改完屬主 再次測(cè)試
[root@localhost ~]# ftp 192.168.20.132
Connected to 192.168.20.132 (192.168.20.132).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Name (192.168.20.132:root): ftp
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> mkdir /one/two
257 "/one/two" created
ftp> ls one
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,20,132,152,32).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r-- 1 14 0 0 May 07 07:51 a.txt
drwx------ 2 14 50 6 May 07 08:12 two
226 Directory send OK.
2. 基于本地用戶(hù)驗(yàn)證的ftp服務(wù)
修改配置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
16 local_enable=YES #運(yùn)行本地用戶(hù)登陸ftp服務(wù)
101 chroot_local_user=YES# 取消注釋 表示將本地用戶(hù)限制在根目錄(本地用戶(hù)在ftp服務(wù)中的根目錄是本地 用戶(hù)的家目錄 如果不進(jìn)行限制 本地用戶(hù)登陸ftp服務(wù)之后 可以在服務(wù)器的任何一個(gè)目錄 隨意游走 不安全)
102 allow_writeable_chroot=YES #新添加的 表示 將用戶(hù)限制在根目錄后 允許其有可寫(xiě)的權(quán)限
服務(wù)端添加本地用戶(hù) 用于驗(yàn)證
[root@localhost ~]# useradd usera
[root@localhost ~]# passwd usera
Changing password for user usera.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
在用戶(hù)家目錄創(chuàng)建文件 用戶(hù)后續(xù)驗(yàn)證
[root@localhost ~]# touch /home/usera/a.txt
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /home/usera/one
重啟服務(wù)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart vsftpd
在客戶(hù)端驗(yàn)證本地用戶(hù)的ftp
[root@localhost ~]# ftp 192.168.20.132
Connected to 192.168.20.132 (192.168.20.132).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Name (192.168.20.132:root): usera #此處寫(xiě)剛才添加的普通用戶(hù)usera
331 Please specify the password.
Password: #此處寫(xiě)usera的密碼
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls #查看ftp根目錄下的文件有哪些
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,20,132,46,190).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 0 May 07 08:27 a.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 6 May 07 08:27 one
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> mkdir two #創(chuàng)建目錄
257 "/two" created
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分享題目:美國(guó)站群服務(wù)器中centos7ftp服務(wù)的使用
轉(zhuǎn)載源于:http://www.rwnh.cn/article42/cdeec.html
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